Treinamento de força e treinamento físico variado, com diferentes frequências semanais, na modulação de indicadores diagnósticos de síndrome metabólica em mulheres adultas

Abstract

In the early 1980s, a set of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, known as Metabolic Syndrome (MS), was identified. These factors are composed of obesity, hyperglycemia, systemic arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. The high incidence of cardiovascular diseases has been a cause of concern to all health sectors, within the international scientific community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systematic physical training, on clinical indicators and classic markers of MS, promoted by Strength Training (TF) in adult women included in the NCEP-ATPIII criteria for MS. The sample consisted of 39 women (51 ± 6.4 years), living in the city of Araçatuba - SP. The monitoring of the TF sessions was supported by the NASF Araçatuba multidisciplinary team (Ordinance 256/13). The volunteers were divided into three groups: Group 1 - “G1” (15 volunteers) - Practiced 4 training sessions weekly, with 2 sessions developed with gymnastics and dance routines, with the NASF team; and another 2 weekly sessions of the TF worked in a supervised way. Group 2 - “G2” (14 volunteers) - Held 2 training sessions weekly, developed with gymnastics and dance routines, with the NASF team. Group 3 - “GC Controle” (10 volunteers) - composed of women with MS, (without physical training). Two training sessions (A and B) were carried out, with an average duration of 60 minutes, over a period of 12 weeks. Body composition, biochemistry (cholesterol and glycemia), as well as chronotropic (heart rate) and hemodynamic (blood pressure) aspects were evaluated. For statistics, the Epidata 3.0 software (mean and standard deviation of continuous variables) was used. To assess the changes that occurred between the pre and post-experiment periods, the Student's t test was used in the dependent samples. The percentage variations in the phases of the study were contrasted between the groups by the Analysis of Variance of two paths (Anova Two-way), for independent and paired samples. The significance value was p <0.05. Based on the results, it was concluded that the regular practice of TF by adult women, over a period of 12 weeks, proved effective for positive changes in body composition, in addition to the reduction in initial values, blood glucose and cholesterol, responsible for CD , thus contributing to the reduction of the situation of vulnerability for MS.